The addition of pembrolizumab to carboplatin plus paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy also significantly improved progression-free survival, with a reduction in the risk of progression or death of nearly half for patients in the pembrolizumab combination group, compared with chemotherapy alone (HR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.45–0.70 P <. This is the first time that a combination of an anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy and chemotherapy has significantly extended overall survival in the first-line treatment of patients with squamous NSCLC.įindings from prespecified exploratory analyses showed an overall survival benefit regardless of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, as follows: patients whose tumors did not express PD-L1 (HR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.38–0.98) patients whose tumors had PD-L1 tumor proportion scores (TPS) of 1% to 49% (HR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.36–0.90) and patients who had a TPS ≥ 50% (HR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.37–1.10). In this study, the pembrolizumab-plus-chemotherapy combination significantly improved overall survival, reducing the risk of death by 36% compared to chemotherapy alone (hazard ratio = 0.64, 95% confidence interval = 0.49–0.85 P =. Results from KEYNOTE-407, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III study evaluating pembrolizumab (Keytruda) in combination with carboplatin/paclitaxel or carboplatin/nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane) as first-line treatment for metastatic squamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), were presented by Paz-Ares et al at the 2018 ASCO Annual Meeting ( Abstract 105). The addition of pembrolizumab to carboplatin plus paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy also significantly improved progression-free survival, with a reduction in the risk of progression or death of nearly half for patients in the pembrolizumab combination group, compared with chemotherapy alone.Findings from prespecified exploratory analyses showed an overall survival benefit regardless of PD-L1 expression.The pembrolizumab-plus-chemotherapy combination significantly improved overall survival, reducing the risk of death by 36% compared to chemotherapy alone.
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